PCOD - POLYCYSTIC OVERY SYNDROME

  PCOD - POLYCYSTIC OVERY SYNDROME

is mostly caused by a combination of hormonal imbalance and genetic tendencies. In a standard menstrual cycle, the two ovaries will alternately release mature, ready-to-be-fertilized eggs each month.
A medical condition in which the woman ovaries produce immature or partially mature eggs in large numbers and over the time these become cysts in ovaries.

PCOD or PCOS is a condition that affects women’s ovaries, the reproductive organs that produce progesterone and estrogen hormones that help in regulating the menstrual cycle and also produce small amount of hormones inhibin, relaxing, and male hormones called androgens.
Almost 10% of women in the world is suffering from PCOD. In compare to PCOD women with PCOS produce higher-than-normal amounts of male hormones. This hormone imbalance causes them to skip menstrual periods and makes it harder for them to get pregnant.
Besides unpredictable hormonal behavior, this condition can trigger.
Diabetes
Infertility
Acne
Excessive hair growth
It's a fairly common disorder, but one with no exact cure.

What is PCOD Problem?
PCOD full form in medical - Polycystic Ovarian Disease
PCOD (Polycystic Ovarian Disease) is a medical condition in which the woman ovaries produce immature or partially mature eggs in large numbers and over the time these become cysts in ovaries. Due to this ovaries become large and secrete large amount of male hormones (androgens) causing infertility, irregular menstrual cycles, hair loss and abnormal weight gain. PCOD can be controlled by diet and lifestyle modifications.

PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) is a metabolic disorder in which the woman affected by hormonal imbalance in their reproductive years (between ages 12 and 51). Due to increase level of male hormones females might skip menstrual periods, have irregular ovulation making it hard to get pregnant, get abnormal hair growth on the body and face simultaneously it can lead to heart disease and diabetes in long term. PCOS is a serious medical condition, and it requires proper medical attention or surgical treatment.

Many women have PCOD / PCOS but they don’t know it. Group of symptoms that affects the ovulation and ovaries are:

Ovarian cysts

Increased levels of male hormones
Skipped or irregular periods.

What are the common signs and symptoms of PCOD problem / PCOS?
Some females start seeing symptoms around the time of their first period, some women only discover when they have gained a lot of weight or trouble getting pregnant. 

The most common signs and symptoms of PCOD Problem or PCOS in females are:
Irregular menstruation (Oligomenorrhea)
Skipped or absence of menstruation (Amenorrhea)
Heavy menstrual bleeding (Menorrhagia)
Excessive Hair growth (face, body - including on back, belly, and chest)
Acne (face, chest, and upper back)
Weight gain
Hair loss (hair on the scalp gets thinner and fall out)
Skin darkening (Neck, in the groin, and under the breasts).

Only a few researchers took a part and studied the prevalence of Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in different regions of India. 

From the very limited data, PCOS prevalence in India ranges from 3.7% to 22.5%. Due to very limited data and different regions, it is very difficult to define prevalence of PCOS in India.

Some females start seeing symptoms around the time of their first period, some women only discover when they have gained a lot of weight or trouble getting pregnant.

Causes of PCOS

Exactly how women get affected by PCOS is not known, however these are some significant factors:

Excess insulin production: excess insulin levels in body might increase androgen production (a male hormone  is very less in female) that causes difficulty with ovulation.

Excess androgen production: The ovaries produce abnormally excess androgen hormones that can lead to acne and hirsutism (hair growth on the face and body).

Low-grade inflammation: As per the recent study, female with PCOS are having low-grade inflammation that causes increased level of androgen production which can lead to blood vessels or heart problem.

Heredity: Women with PCOS show certain genetics correlation.

Complications of PCOS / PCOD problem

Every woman will think what happen to their body when they have PCOD or PCOS. Having higher-than-normal androgen levels can affect your health. 

These are the complications of PCOS or PCOD problem that require medical attention:

Abnormal uterine bleeding.

Infertility or hypertension Infertility.

Type 2 diabetes.

Preterm labor and premature birth.

Metabolic syndrome (risk for high blood sugar, high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, and stroke)

NASH (Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis)

Depression (Many women end up experiencing depression and anxiety due to unwanted hair growth and  other symptoms).

Sleep apnea (More common in women who are overweight, causes repeated pauses in breathing during the night, which interrupt sleep).

Endometrial cancer (Due to thickened uterine lining).

Miscarriage (spontaneous loss of a pregnancy).

Some females might be confused whether 

PCOD and PCOS are the same or different from each other. 

Both the medical conditions are associated with ovaries and 

hormonal imbalance in women during their reproductive age 

(between 12 and 51 years) and depicts the same symptoms. 

Here are differences between PCOD and PCOS every female should know:

In both the conditions - PCOD vs PCOS, 

weight-loss, a healthy diet, avoiding junk foods, processed foods,

 regular exercise have shown effective results. Early diagnosis of the 

disease will help is treating the conditions. If having skipped or irregular periods, 

acne, hair growth on back or face consult gynaecologis.

PCOD or PCOS has physical findings that affect body systems and can be diagnosed through blood test and imaging. Depending on symptoms such as irregular periods, unwanted male-pattern hair growth on a 

woman's chest, face, and back, acne, or thinning of scalp hair, the gynecologists' will ask about medical history, eating and drinking habits, taking any prescription or over-the-counter medications, including vitamins and supplements.